Commitment Accounting
Commitment accounting is a method that records financial obligations at the point an order is placed, not only when the invoice is received or paid.
When a purchase order is raised, commitment accounting reserves that amount against the budget straight away, treating it as committed even though no invoice exists yet. This gives managers a real-time view of remaining funds — budget minus actual spend minus outstanding commitments — rather than a picture that lags until suppliers bill.
The benefit is far better budget control: because committed money is visible immediately, teams avoid the trap of overspending on the assumption that funds are still free simply because invoices have not arrived. It is a core feature of many procurement and finance systems and works hand in hand with budget control at the approval stage.
Frequently asked questions
- What is commitment accounting?
- Commitment accounting records financial obligations when an order is placed, not only when the invoice arrives, reserving that amount against the budget in real time.
- Why is commitment accounting useful?
- It shows remaining funds as budget minus actual spend minus outstanding commitments, preventing overspending that happens when teams assume funds are free just because invoices are not yet in.
Related terms
Budget Control
Budget control is the process of monitoring and managing spending against an approved budget so that costs stay within planned limits.
Read definitionAccruals
Accruals are accounting entries that recognise expenses which have been incurred but not yet invoiced, so costs appear in the correct period.
Read definitionPurchase Order (PO)
A purchase order (PO) is the official document a buyer sends to a supplier to confirm the order of goods or services at agreed prices and terms.
Read definitionBudget Variance
Budget variance is the difference between the amount budgeted for a category and the amount actually spent over the same period.
Read definitionGo deeper
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Operating model · diagram
- 01
AI-first software
AI-first procurement software for long-tail spend
- 02
Live marketplace
A live B2B marketplace
- 03
Human services
Human sourcing and support
- 04
Optional add-on
Fulfilment support for merchants
